Our Rajasthan Class 7 Solutions Chapter 3 Agriculture and Irrigation

Our Rajasthan Class 7 Textbook Solutions Chapter 3 Agriculture and Irrigation

I. Write the correct option of the following questions in given bracket:

Question 1.
Identify the group of Rabi crops :
(a) Pearl millet, mustard, rice
(b) Com, wheat, cluster bean
(c) Groundnut, sesame, cotton
(d) Wheat, chickpea gram, mustard
Answer:
(d) Wheat, chickpea gram, mustard

Question 2.
The best method of irrigation for water conservation is:
(a) Through canals
(b) Through open drains
(c) Open well
(d) Through fountain and Drip irrigation
Answer:
(c) Open well

II. Fill in the blanks:

Question 1.
There are 1 __________ 2 __________ 3 __________ crops in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Rabi, Kharif, Zaid

Question 2.
Asia’s largest agricultural farm is situated in __________ Rajasthan.
Answer:
Suratgarh in Shri Ganganagar.

III. Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the different sources of irrigation in Rajasthan ?
Answer:
The main sources of irrigation in the state are wells, tube wells, canals, ponds etc.

Question 2.
Write the names of the districts producing pearl millet in Rajasthan.
Answer:
Alwar, Jaipur, Sikar, Nagaur, Jodhpur districts are the leading producers of pearl millet in Rajasthan:

IV. Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the food crops ? Explain by giving an example.
Answer:
Food Crops: Crops grown for food are called food crops. For example—Wheat, Barley, Sorghum, Maize, Rice pulses etc.
Major crops grown in Rajasthan are as follows:

  • Wheat: This is a rabi crop. It is generally grown in the winter season. The main wheat producing districts of Rajasthan are Sri Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Kota, Bar an, Bharatpur etc.
  • Barley (jau) and sorghum (jawar): These are crops of dry and humid climate. Barley is produced in Jaipur, Sri Ganganagar, Sikar, Alwar, Bhilwada, Ajmer, Jhunjhunu and Nagaur districts. Sorghum is produced in Ajmer, Pali, Bhilwara, Bharatpur, Jaipur districts.
  • Maize/Corn (Makka): Maize is main food of Rajasthan. The main corn-producing districts of Rajasthan are Bhilwara, Udaipur, Banswara, Rajsamand etc.
  • Pearl Millet (Bajra): Alwar, Jaipur, Sikar, Nagaur, Jodhpur districts are the leading producers of pearl millet in Rajasthan.
  • Chick pea gram (Chana): It is produced in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Ajmer, Jaipur, Pah districts.

Question 2.
What do you understand by pulses and oilseeds?
Answer:

  • Pulses: The crop products from which pulses are obtained are called pulse crops e.g. green gram, chickpea, dew gram etc.
  • Oilseeds: The crops from which oil is extracted are called oilseeds crops e.g. groundnut, mustard sesame etc.

(Other Important Questions)
Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1.
Which of the following is required by each crop:
(a) Definite temperature
(b) Amount of water
(c) Soil and climate
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 2.
When is the Rabi crop sown (in Rajasthan) ?
(a) October, November
(b) March, April
(c) June, July
(d) September, October
Answer:
(a) October, November

Question 3.
Which of the following is the kharif crop ?
(a) Wheat
(b) Pearl millet
(c) Muskmelon
(d) Watermelon
Answer:
(b) Pearl millet

Question 4.
Which of the following is the commercial crop ?
(a) Maize
(b) Rice
(c) Cotton
(d) Barley
Answer:
(c) Cotton

Fill in the blanks

Question 1.
Majority of the people in villages do farming. They are called ____________
Answer:
farmers/peasants

Question 2.
Many times Rajasthan experiences ____________ due to less rain.
Answer:
famine

Question 3.
Rajasthan is the ____________ leading producer of pearl millet in India.
Answer:
first

Question 4.
Rajasthan is the highest producer of ____________ in India.
Answer:
mustard.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Define agriculture.
Answer:
Agriculture s The growing of crops and obtaining food grains and other products is called agriculture. Agriculture is a basic occupation in Rajasthan.

Question 2.
What do you understand by commercial crop?
Answer:
The crops which are grown for sale in the market are called cash crops e.g., sugarcane cotton.

Question 3.
What is the special contribution of Rajasthan’s Sri Ganganagar district to agriculture?
Answer:
Asia’s largest agricultural farm is situated in Suratgarh in Shri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
List the major crops of Rajasthan based on weather:
Answer:

Rabi Kharif Zaid
Wheat, Mustard (Sarso) beat, chickpea (Chana) Barley (Jau) etc. Pearl millet (bajra), Maize (makka), green gram (moong), dew gram (moth), sesame (til), sorghum (j awar) groundnut, cotton, sugarcane etc. Fruits, muskmelon, watermelon, vegetables, cucumber etc
Sowing: Sowing: Sowing:
October-November July April
Harvesting: Harvesting: Harvesting:
March-April October-November June

Question 2.
Classify the gross irrigated land in Rajasthan according to the means of irrigation.
Answer:
The division of the total irrigated land in Rajasthan according to the means of irrigation (During 2016-2017).
Our Rajasthan Class 7 Solutions Chapter 3 Agriculture and Irrigation 1

Question 3.
What do you know about waterman Rajendra Singh ?
Answer:
Rajendra Singh, who is renowned by the name of WATERMAN, was born oh 6th August, 1956 at village Daula in Bagpat district in Uttar Pradesh. He is India’s famous environmental activist. He is famous in the field of water conservation. It was only one and a half years after their marriage in 1981, that they left the job, sold all the household goods and took a total of twenty-three thousand rupees capital and came into their workplace. He was determined to find a total solution to the water problem.

Therefore, he created an organization called Tarun Bharat Sangh’ which was given the shape of an NGO. With his untiring efforts, Rajendra Singh worked to get a state like Rajasthan out of the water crisis. He won the Stockholm Water Prize in 2015, which is the Nobel Prize for water. Additionally, he was honored by Raman Magsaysay award in 2011. His biography has also been written on the journey of Rajendra Singh by the name of ‘Johad’.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Underline the major crops in Rajasthan and their growing districts.
Answer:
Major crops grown in Rajasthan and the Districts produce it are :

  1. Wheat: This is a rabi crop. It is generally grown in the winter season. The main wheat producing districts of Rajasthan are Sri Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Kota, Baran, Bharatpur etc.
  2. Barley (jau): This is a rabi crop of dry and humid climate. Barley is produced in Jaipur, Sri Ganganagar, Sikar, Alwar, Bhilwada, Ajmer, Jhunjhunu and Nagaur districts.
  3. Sorghum (Jawar): This is a kharif crop of dry and humid climate. Sorghum is produced in Ajmer, Pali, Bhilwara, Jaipur Bharatpur districts.
  4. Maize/Corn (Makka): Maize is a kharif crop and is the main food of Rajasthan, specially of Mewar.The main com producing districts of Rajasthan are Bhilwara, Udaipur, Banswara, Rajsamand etc.
  5. Pearl Millet (Bajra): This is also a kharif crop and the climate of Rajasthan is suitable for the cultivation of pearl millet. This is cultivated in fertile sandy soil with less rainfall and high temperature. This is the main food grain of Rajasthan. Rajasthan is the leading producer of pearl millet in India. Alwar, Jaipur, Sikar, Nagaur, Jodhpur districts are the leading producers of pearl milet in Rajasthan.
  6. Chickpea gram (Ghana): This is a major rabi crop. It is produced in Bikaner, Jaisalmer, Ajmer, Jaipur, Pali districts.
  7. Mustard (Sarso): This is a rabi crop. Rajasthan is the highest producer of mustard in India. The leading mustard produc ng districts are Tonk, Alwar, Bharatpur, Shri Ganganagar, Sawai Madhopur, Hanuman¬garh, Jaipur, Jodhpur and Baran.

Besides the above crops, chickpea, green gram (moong), dew gram (moth), black gram (urad), pigeon peas (arhar) pulse crop are also produced in the state. The major crops, rice, cotton, Psyllium husk, (isabgol) mustard seed (Rai), flaxseed, sugarcane etc. are also cultivated in Rajasthan. Rajasthan is the top producer of psyllium husk, mustard, cluster bean (gawar), dew gram and cumin (jeera) in the country. Asia’s largest agricultural farm is situated in Suratgarh in Shri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan.

Question 2.
Suggest the ways to save water by mentioning the means/sources of irrigation.
Answer:
Sources of Irrigation: Water is required for the cultivation of any crop. The production of crops through irrigation is called irrigated agriculture. Different types of irrigation methods are used in different areas. The main sources of irrigation in the state are wells, tube wells, canals, ponds etc. The most commonly used source of irrigation in Rajasthan is tube well. This source is used for irrigation in the districts of Jaipur, Bharatpur, Alwar, Dausa, Dhaulpur, Karauli, Sawai Madhopur, Ajmer etc. Canal irrigation is used through the Indira Gandhi canal in the districts of Sri Ganganagar, Hanumangarh, Bikaner and Jaisalmer in Rajasthan. Canal irrigation is also used in districts Bhilwara, Bundi, Kota, Alwar, Tonk, Chittorgarh, Banswara, Dungarpur, Udaipur, Ajmer, Jodhpur, Pah, Jalore.

Save Water: The excessive use of groundwater has resulted in the lowering of the water level. There is a need for conservation of rain water and revival of natural water resources. Water of tube well and well can be saved if fountain method or the drip method of irrigation is used. If drains and canals are paved then we can also save water.

Let’s Practice

Question 1.
Each student of the class should name a crop and classify it into food grains, oilseeds, pulses crops. Examples of fertilizers made from each crop should also be mentioned.
Answer:

Crop Classification Food
1. Wheat Food grains Chapati, Bread, Oatmeal
2. Mustard Oilseeds Paratha, Pakori
3. Rice Food grains Khichdi, Sweet Rice
4. Chickpea (Chana) Pulses Dhokla, Gatte ki Sabji
5. Barley (Jau) Food grains Chapati, Sattu
6. Pearl Millet (Bajra) Food grains Chapati, Khichdi
7. Maize Food grains Chapati, Popcorn, Corn flakes
8. Green gram (moong) Pulses Pulse (Dal) Khichdi, Papad
9. Dew gram (moth) Pulses Pulse (Dal)
10, Sesame (Til) Oilseeds Fry
11. Sorghum (Jawar) Food grains Chapati
12. Groundnut Oilseeds Fry Butter
13. Mustard seed (Rai) Oilseeds Fry
14. Flax seed Oilseeds Fry
15. Urad Pulses Pulse (Dal), Pakari, Dahi-Bada
16. Lentil (Masoor) Pulses Pulse (Dal), Papad
17. Soyabean Oilseeds Fry, Soyabean Chunks
18. Peas Pulse Pulse (Dal), Vegetable
19. Arhar Pulses Pulse (Dal)
20. Mahua Oilseeds Fry, Oil

Our Rajasthan Class 7 Solutions Questions and Answers