Our Rajasthan Class 8 Solutions Chapter 9 Rural and Urban Administration

I. Write the correct answers to the following questions in brackets:

Question 1.
The unit of urban self-government is:
(a) Municipality
(b) City Council
(c) Municipal Council
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 2.
Which constitution amendment bill adopted the Panchayati Raj system in our country?
(a) 76th Constitution Amendment
(b) 71st Constitution Amendment
(c) 74th Constitution Amendment
(d) 73rd Constitution Amendment
Answer:
(d) 73rd Constitution Amendment

II. Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
The elected representative of the municipal ward is called a ____________
Answer:
Councillor

Question 2.
The chairman of the city council is called the ____________
Answer:
Chairman

III. Match the column :

Question 1.

A	B
1. Head of village panchayat	(a) Pradhaan
2. Head of district council	(b) BDO
3. Panchayat Samiti official	(c) Sarpanch
4. Head of panchayat samiti	(d) District Head

Answer:

A	B
1. Head of village panchayat	(c) Sarpanch
2. Head of district council	(d) District Head
3. Panchayat Samiti official	(b) BDO
4. Head of panchayat samiti	(a) Pradhaan

IV. Very Short Answer Type Questions :

Question 1.
State the functions of the Chief Executive Officer.
Answer:
The Chief Executive Officer. helps the District Head to do all the functions of the Zilla Parishad.

Question 2.
Draw the structure of Panchayat Raj.
Answer:
Our Rajasthan Class 8 Solutions Chapter 9 Rural and Urban Administration 1

V. Short Answer Type Questions :

Question 1.
What are the source of income of Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
Source of income of Gram Panchayat:
The main source of income of Gram Panchayat is:

Different types of taxes, such as building tax, vehicle tax, purchase-sales tax,
Income from fair and Haat bazaar
Government Grants
Grants from communities and
Penalty collected from convicts etc.

Question 2.
Explain the tasks of urban administration.
Answer:
Functions of Urban Administration / Urban Institutions:
(I) Compulsory work:

Arranging pure water for the city.
Providing lighting and cleaning on the roads
Birth and death registration.
Arranging Fire Brigade etc.

(II) Optional work:

Public garden
The stadium
Construction of reading room, library.
Planting trees.
Get rid of stray animals.
Organising Fair – Exhibitions.
Arranging RAIN BASERA etc.

Question 3.
Write a comment on the Gram Sabha.
Answer:
Gram Sabha:

Gram Sabha is the basic institution of Panchayati Raj, its area is a revenue village. Generally, every gram panchayat has its own Gram Sabha.
The members of the Gram Sabha are all voters living in that revenue village. It is both his right and duty to attend Gram Sabha meetings.
Gram Sabha is an example of direct democracy in India, under which the villagers participate directly in relation to local problems and development.
Usually a meeting of the Gram Sabha is called every three months. The meeting of the Gram Sabha takes place on 26 January, 1 May, 15 August and on 2 October.

Objective Type Questions :

Question 1.
The unit of rural self-government is-
(a) Village Panchayat
(b) Panchayat Committee
(c) District Council
(d) All of the above
Answer:
(d) All of the above

Question 2.
The main function of the police department is:
(a) Levy a tax
(b) Maintaining peace
(c) Keep the land records
(d) Impart education
Answer:
(b) Maintaining peace

Question 3.
In which schedule of the Constitution, 29 functions of the three-tier structure of Panchayati Raj system are mentioned?
(a) In the 9th schedule
(b) In the lst schedule
(c) In the 11th schedule
(d) In the 3rd schedule
Answer:
(c) In the 11th schedule

Question 4.
The head of Gram Panchayat is called:
(a) Pradhaan
(b) Sarpanch
(c) District Head
(d) Panchayat Secretary
Answer:
(b) Sarpanch

Question 5.
The term pf Gram Panchayat is of
(a) 3 years
(b) 5 years
(c) 2 years
(d) 6 years
Answer:
(b) 5 years

Question 6.
What is the minimum age a person must have to become a member of the Panchayat Samiti?
(a) 18 years
(b) 21 years
(c) 25 years
(d) 30 years
Answer:
(c) 25 years

Fill in the blanks :

Question 1.
The top level institution of the Panchayati Raj system is the _______
Answer:
Zilla Parishad

Question 2.
The area of Gram Sabha is a _______
Answer:
Revenue Village

Question 3.
The first village court in Rajasthan was opened in _______ in Jaipur district.
Answer:
Bassi

Question 4.
The president of the municipal corporation is called _______
Answer:
Mayor

Question 5.
Providing pure water is an _______ task of urban self-governing institutions.
Answer:
Essential

Question 6.
Building a library is a _______ work of urban self-governing organisations.
Answer:
Voluntary

Very Short Answer Type Questions :

Question 1.
What is. the minimum age of adult franchise in our country?
Answer:
The minimum age of adult franchise in our country is 18 years.

Question 2.
How will a person get the right to vote after completing the age of 18 years?
Answer:
After completing the age of 18 years, a person gets the right to add his name to the voter list and to vote only when the voter ID card is issued.

Question 3.
What we have to do to get our name added to the voter list?
Answer:
To get our name added to the voter list, we have to fill up a form with a copy of our birth certificate, Aadhaar card and Ration card and submit it to BLO.

Question 4.
Who is BLO?
Answer:
BLO is a government employee (teacher, patwari, gram sevak, clerk, etc.) who is selected by the Election Department, from the employees working in the same area.

Question 5.
Which constitutional amendment has given constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj system?
Answer:
73rd constitutional amendment.

Question 6.
How many works of Panchayati Raj system are mentioned in 11th Schedule?
Answer:
29 works.

Question 7.
Write the names of the three levels of the three-tier structure of the Panchayati State.
Answer:

At the village level – Gram Panchayat
At the medium or block level – Panchayat Samiti and
Zilla Parishad at the district (higher) level.

Question 8.
What is Gram Panchayat?
Answer:
Gram Panchayat is the first political unit of democracy which is formed by consisting of Ward Panch, Up Sarpanch and Sarpanch.

Question 9.
Which institution of Panchayati Raj is formed at the development block level?
Answer:
A middle level institutionof Panchayati Raj is formed at the development block level.

Question 10.
What is the name of the top level institution of Panchayati Raj?
Answer:
The name of the top level institution of Panchayati Raj is Zilla Parishad.

Question 11.
What is Gram Sabha?
Answer:
Gram Sabha is a basic institution of every gram panchayat, whose area is a revenue village and its members are all voters living in that village.

Question 12.
At what time should the meeting of the Gram Sabha be called?
Answer:
Usually a meeting of the gram sabha should be called every three months.

Question 13.
What is the head of a municipal corporation called?
Answer:
The head of the municipal corporation is called the mayor.

Question 14.
How many forms of urban governance are there? Write their names.
Answer:
There are three forms of urban governance. They are

Municipal council
City council
Municipality.

Question 15.
Municipal Corporation is formed in which cities?
Answer:
In those big cities where the population is more than five lakhs and the annual income is more than one crore, a municipal corporation is formed there.

Question 16.
Where is the city council established?
Answer:
Municipal councils are established in cities whose population is more than one lakh and less than five lakhs.

Question 17.
Where are the municipal boards made?
Answer:
Municipal boards are made in those cities where the population is between fifteen thousand to one lakh.

Question 18. What are the presidents of the city council and the municipal board called?
Answer:
The presidents of the city council and the municipal board are called the chairman and the municipal president respectively.

Short Answer Type Question :

Question 1.
Who is B.L.O.? What are its functions?
Answer:
B.L.O.: BLO of the booth level officer is a government employee (teacher, patwari, village servant, clerk etc.) who is elected by the Election Department from among the employees working in the same area.
Work of B.L.O.:

The main work of B.L.O. is the following:

He conducts a house to house survey and adds the names of young men and women aged 18 years to the voters list.
He works to add new deprived voters and remove the names of migrated or dead voters from the list.

Question 2.
Our local level government operates with a three-tier system. Explain how?
Answer:
Broadly our local governments can be divided into two parts –

Urban Local Government and
Rural Local Government.

Both these types of governments run through a three-tier system. In rural government, this order is in the form of Gram Panchayat, Panchayat Samiti and Zila Parishad in the smallest order and in urban government it is in the form of Municipality, Municipal Council and Municipal Corporation.

Question 3.
Explain the structure of Gram Panchayat
Answer:
Structure of Gram Panchayat: The Gram Panchayat is the first political unit of rural local democratic self-government. This ward is made up of Panch, Upsarpanch and Sarpanch. He is the election representative of the people of Gram Panchayat area. Elections to these panchayats are conducted by the ‘State Election Commission’. The village panchayat has a village secretary appointed by the government.
The term of Gram Panchayat is 5 years. It requires at least two meetings every month.

Question 4.
Explain the structure of Panchayat Samiti.
Answer:
Structure of Panchayat Samiti:
The structure of the Panchayat Samiti is explained under the following points:

Election representative: Panchayat Samiti is an important link connecting Gram Panchayat and Zilla Parishad. The districts of the states are divided into some smaller development blocks in terms of development. Its entire area is divided into a few wards. The people of these wards choose their representatives. These elected members elect the chairman or deputy chairman. A minimum of 25 years is required for a member of the Panchayat Samiti.
Ex-officio member: In addition to the elected members in the Panchayat Samiti, the sarpanch of the Gram Panchayat under the Panchayat Samiti area is its ex-officio member.
Government officer: A block development officer is appointed by state government to help pradhan and deputy pradhan in the work related to the Panchayat Samiti.
Tenure: The tenure of the members of the Panchayat Samiti is 5 years.

Question 5.
Explain the structure of district council.
Answer:
The structure of the Zila Parishad is explained under the following points:

Elected Members of District Council: A ward is formed by combining some gram panchayats in each district. One member from each ward constituted in this way is elected by the voters of that ward. These members are called members of the district council.
District Head and Deputy District Head: The elected .pembers of the Zila Parishad together elect the district head and deputy district chief from among themselves.
Ex-officio member: Apart from the elected members of the Zila Parishad, the head of the Panchayat Committees of the district, elected members of the district, elected Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha members of the district are exofficio members.
Chief Executive Officer: A Chief Executive Officer is appointed by the State Government to assist the District Head in all works of the Zila Parishad.

Question 6.
What is the source of income of panchayat samiti? Write.
Answer:
Following is the source of income of panchayat samiti:

Income from local duties and taxes.
Grants received from state government.
Income from fair and markets.
The amount provided by the government to run various government projects.
Income from levying tax on merchants, businesses and industries.

Question 7.
Mention the sources of income of district council.
Answer:
Following is the source of income of district council:

Grants received by central and state government,
Recoveries made from panchayat committees,
Fixed share of revenue,
Government and non-government loans, and
Grants given by people.

Question 8.
Write a short comment on the village court.
Answer:
In order to provide speedy and accessible justice at the Gram Panchayat level in rural areas, village.courts have been established under the Village Courts Act 2008. The appointment of judicial officers in these village courts is done on the advice of the High Court.

Question 9.
Before construction of a house approval is required from which institution?
Answer:
Before construction of a house, approval for construction is taken from die Municipal Corporation, Municipal Council or Municipality in the cities and in villages its approval is taken from the Gram Panchayat.

Question 10.
What is government and what does it do?
Answer:
Government: The government is elected by the public. The government works in three places. These are called Central Government, State Government and Local Government.

In the entire country, the central government work to fulfill our needs of equal importance.
The state government completes the important tasks which are done at every state level related to the needs of the people.
The local government meets the needs and problems of the people of a particular place.

Question 11.
How many forms of urban governance are there?
Answer:
There are three forms of urban governance. Municipal Corporation, city council and municipal board. As

Municipal Corporation: In those big cities where the population is more than 5 lakhs, and the annual income is more than one crore, the Municipal Corporation is formed at that place.
City Council: City councils are established in cities where the population is more than one lakh and less than five lakh.
Municipal board: Municipal boards are found in those cities where the population is between 15 thousand and 1 lakh.

Long Answer Type Questions :

Question 1.
Mention the works of Panchayat Samiti and Gram Panchayat.
Answer:
Following is the work of Panchayat Samiti:

The Panchayat Samiti reviews and supervises the works of the Gram Panchayat.
The Panchayat Samiti provides training and guidance to newly elected sarpanch and panch.
The Panchayat Samiti coordinates between the Sarpancll, the Panchayat Samiti members and the district council members.
The Panchayat Samiti holds a meeting of the General Assembly.
It maintains a register for its meetings and compliance with the decisions of local committees.
It implements boards showing actual expenditure at the workplace and panchayat headquarters.
It organises animal fairs.

Following is the work of Gram Panchayat:

Gram Panchayat arranges sanitation and drinking water in its area.
It arranges light on the streets in its area.
It works for the implementation of MGNREGA program in its area and provides employment to the applicants.
It works to make the public distribution system work smoothly.
It works for the maintenance of rural roads.
It maintains the record of the birth, death and marriage registration.
It coordinates with the district administration in times of disasters and epidemics.
It develops pastures and forests in its region.
It assists in human and animal health, nutrition and family welfare programs.
It works for the development and proper utilisation of local physical resources in its area.

Question 2.
Write an article on urban local self-government institutions.
Answer:
Urban local self-government institutions have been discussed under the following points:
1. Three types of institutions: There are three types of urban local self-government institutions:
(a) Municipal Corporation
(b) City Council and
(c) Municipal Board. In those big cities where the population is more than 5 lakhs, and the annual income is more than one crore, the Municipal Corporation is formed at that place. City councils are established in cities where the population is more than one lakh and less than five lakh.Municipal boards are found in those cities where the population is between 15 thousand and 1 lakh.

2. Election of representatives: The city is divided into different areas, called wards. From each ward, the people elect a representative (called a councilor) and those representatives are sent to their respective wards. Their responsibility is to look after the development of their wards. These councilors together choose the president and vice-president, who are called by different names. The president of a municipal corporation is called the mayor, the president of the city council is called the chairman and the chairman of the municipality is called the municipal head.

3. Arrangements of reservation: According to the 74th constitutional amendment in the election of these urban institutions, there is a provision to reserve at least one third seats for women. Similarly, there is provision for reservation of seats for scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes according to their ratio in the population. This provision of reservation is made so that their share can be increased by them and representation of these classes can be increased.

4. Work: These urban institutions have two functions,
(a) Compulsory work and
(b) Optional work.

(a) Compulsory Work: the major compulsory work of these institutions are—Arranging pure watef for the city; Maintaining lights and cleanliness on roads; Maintaining the record of birth and death and arrangement of fire brigade.
(b) Optional Work: the optional work of these institutions are – making of Public Paries, stadium, library, reading room etc, plantation, Get rid of the city from stray animals, Organising fairs and exhibitions mid arranging night shelters.

5. Source of Income: These institutions get money through three channels. They are:
(a) They receive funds from the Central and State Governments.
(b) They receive money by levying various fees and fines.
(c) They get money by levying various taxes on their citizens.

Our Rajasthan Class 8 Textbook Questions and Answers